Sexually transmitted diseases and infections (STDs/STIs) are surprisingly commonplace in the United States. In fact, the CDC reports that about 1 in 5 American adults has an STD.1 With such a common yet personal concern, it's understandable that many turn to Google with their questions. In this post, we're here to provide answers to the top 5 most common searches about STDs/STIs. Our aim is to provide you with accurate, friendly advice so you can stay informed and make responsible decisions about your health, which will, in turn, impact your future.  But remember, it’s best to consult with your healthcare provider and get tested if you suspect you’ve been exposed. You deserve to be the healthiest you possible!

What are STDs, and how do they spread?

Sexually transmitted diseases, also known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are a group of infections primarily spread through sexual contact. They can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Common STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, HPV, and HIV. These infections can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex, as well as close genital contact. Some can even be spread through contact with infected blood or needles, while others can also be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding.1

What are the symptoms of STDs?

STDs can come with a wide range of symptoms, but here's the catch: many people with STDs don't show any symptoms at all. The CDC reports over 90 percent of people with chlamydia and gonorrhea don’t have symptoms. This is why regular testing is crucial; it helps detect and treat infections early. Symptoms may include:

Unusual genital discharge

Odor

Pain or burning during urination

Genital sores or ulcers

Itching or discomfort in the genital area

Rashes or warts on or around the genitals

Swollen lymph nodes

Flu-like symptoms (fever, fatigue, body aches)2

Remember, some STDs can lurk silently in your body without showing any symptoms at all, which is why the CDC encourages annual testing for sexually active people who aren’t in a mutually monogamous relationship. 

How can I protect myself from STDs?

• Refrain from sexual activity which is the only 100% effective way to avoid exposure to STDs/STIs.
• Be in a mutually monogamous relationship, like marriage.
• Have open and honest conversations with any sexual partner. Discuss your sexual health and consider getting tested together before engaging in sexual activities.
• Keep in mind that although condoms do provide some protection, several STDs can still be acquired through skin-to-skin contact.2

Are STDs curable?

Not all STDs are curable, but many can be effectively treated with medication. For instance, bacterial infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis can be cured with antibiotics. However, viral infections like HIV and herpes are not curable, but the symptoms can be treated. 

When should I get tested for STDs?

The right time for STD testing depends on various factors, such as your sexual activity, risk factors, and the specific STD in question.3

As a general guideline, consider getting tested:

• Before starting a new sexual relationship
• Annually or more frequently if you have multiple sexual partners
• If you experience any symptoms of an STD

Remember, if you have concerns or suspect you may have an STD, don't hesitate to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment. Feel free to reach out if you have more questions or would like to schedule testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea (the two most common bacterial STDs). Our healthcare professionals would be happy to help you!